Nrf2‐modulation by seleno‐hormetic agents and its potential for radiation protection. (16th October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bartolini, Desirée; Tew, Kenneth D.; Marinelli, Rita; Galli, Francesco; Wang, Gavin Y.
• Other Names: Korac Bato guestEditor.; Galli Francesco guestEditor.
• Is Part Of: BioFactors. Volume 46:Number 2(2020)
• Page Start: 239
• Page End: 245
• Publication Date: 2019-10-16
• Subjects: free radicals -- glutathione -- glutathione S‐transferase -- ionizing radiations -- Nrf2 -- oxidant stress -- selenium -- seleno‐hormesis; Vitamins -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Trace elements -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Growth factors -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Plant growth promoting substances -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena -- Periodicals; Trace Elements -- metabolism -- Periodicals; Vitamins -- metabolism -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 612.399
• DOI: 10.1002/biof.1578
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0951-6433

Abstract

Abstract: The trace element selenium (Se) is an essential component of selenoproteins and plays a critical role in redox signaling via regulating the activity of selenoenzymes such as thioredoxin reductase‐1 and glutathione peroxidases. Se compounds and its metabolites possess a wide range of biological functions including anticancer and cytoprotection effects, modulation of hormetic genes and antioxidant enzyme activities. Radiation‐induced injury of normal tissues is a significant side effect for cancer patients who receive radiotherapy in the clinic and the development of new and effective radioprotectors is an important goal of research. Others and we have shown that seleno‐compounds have the potential to protect ionizing radiation‐induced toxicities in various tissues and cells both in in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we discuss the potential utilization of Se compounds with redox‐dependent hormetic activity as novel radio‐protective agents to alleviate radiation toxicity. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the radioprotection effects of these seleno‐hormetic agents are also discussed. These include Nrf2 transcription factor modulation and the consequent upregulation of the adaptive stress response to IR in bone marrow stem cells and hematopoietic precursors.