Maxillary Frenulum in Newborns: Association with Breastfeeding. (June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Razdan, Reena; Callaham, Sarah; Saggio, Renee; Chafin, Mary; Carr, Michele M.
• Is Part Of: Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery. Volume 162:Number 6(2020)
• Page Start: 954
• Page End: 958
• Publication Date: 2020-06
• Subjects: maxillary frenulum -- lingual frenulum -- ankyloglossia -- breastfeeding -- neonatal feeding -- LATCH score; Head -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Neck -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Otolaryngology -- Periodicals; 617.51
• DOI: 10.1177/0194599820913605
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0194-5998

Abstract

Objective: To relate maxillary and lingual frenulum configuration to breastfeeding success. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Newborn nursery in tertiary care academic hospital. Subjects and Methods: Newborns were observed between 24 and 72 hours after birth. Mothers were asked a series of questions relating to their breastfeeding experience. The maxillary and lingual frenula were examined and scored. Corresponding LATCH scores were recorded. Results: A total of 161 mothers with newborns participated. The mean gestational age of newborns was 38.81 weeks (95% CI, 38.65-38.98); 82 (50.9%) male and 79 (49.1%) female newborns were included. In sum, 70.8% had the maxillary frenulum attached to the edge of the alveolar ridge; 28.6%, attached to the fixed gingiva; and 0.6%, attached to mobile gingiva. In addition, 3.7% had anterior ankyloglossia, and 96.3% had no obvious anterior ankyloglossia. There was no significant correlation between maxillary frenulum scores or lingual frenulum scores and LATCH scores ( P > .05). Of the mothers included in the study, 56.5% were first-time mothers. Overall, 43.5% of the mothers had other biological children, with 70.0% of those mothers having previously breastfed. Experienced mothers who had breastfed for >3 months had significantly higher LATCH scores. Those who had previously breastfed had a mean LATCH score of 9.16 (95% CI, 8.80-9.52), as compared with those who had not, with a mean of 8.14 (95% CI, 7.43-8.85). Conclusion: We did not find that maxillary frenulum configuration correlated with LATCH scores. Mothers experienced with breastfeeding had better LATCH scores. Attention toward breastfeeding education, particularly in new mothers, should precede maxillary frenotomy in neonates with breastfeeding difficulties.