Early caloric deprivation in preterm infants affects Bayley-III scales performance at 18–24 months of corrected age. (August 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lithoxopoulou, Maria; Rallis, Dimitrios; Christou, Helen; Goutsiou, Evanthia; Varaklioti, Agoritsa; Karagianni, Paraskevi; Tsakalidis, Christos; Domeyer, Philip; Kuriakeli, Georgia; Soubasi, Vasiliki
• Is Part Of: Research in developmental disabilities. Volume 91(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-08
• Subjects: IVH intraventricular haemorrhage -- NEC necrotizing enterocolitis -- BPD bronchopulmonary dysplasia -- CA corrected age -- GA gestational age -- BSID-III Bayley-III Scales for Infant and Toddler Development; Nutrition -- Neurodevelopmental outcome -- Premature infants; Developmental disabilities -- Periodicals; Developmentally disabled -- Research -- United States -- Periodicals; Developmentally disabled children -- Education -- Research -- United States -- Periodicals; Developmental Disabilities -- Periodicals; Disabled -- Periodicals; Mental Retardation -- rehabilitation -- Periodicals; Personnes atteintes de troubles du développement -- Recherche -- États-Unis -- Périodiques; Enfants atteints de troubles du développement -- Éducation -- Recherche -- États-Unis -- Périodiques; Développement, Troubles du -- Recherche -- États-Unis -- Périodiques; 616.858800
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.103429
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0891-4222

Abstract

Highlights: Adequate energy supply in early infancy is essential for optimal neurodevelopment. Caloric deprivation during the first 14 days is related to adverse outcome. NEC, sepsis or BPD are also significant predictors of poor neurodevelopment. Abstract: Background: Adequate nutrition is essential for optimal neurodevelopment to preterm infants. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of caloric deprivation on Bayley-III scales performance at 18–24 months of corrected age, in a cohort of preterm infants. Methods: We prospectively enrolled infants with gestational age <30 weeks and birth weight <1500 g. Apart from a whole cohort analysis, we performed a subgroup analysis between infants received inadequate calories (<85 Kcal/kg/day) during the first two weeks of age, compared to a standard nutrition group. All infants underwent a Bayley-III assessment at 18–24 months of corrected age. Results: From the 63 preterm infants analysed, 25% had caloric deprivation compared to 75% with adequate nutrition. Caloric deprived infants were of lower gestational age and birth weight, and received a lower amount of enteral feeding during the first 14 days of age. There were no differences between the two groups regarding the common neonatal co-morbidities. Caloric deprived infants had significantly lower composite index scores at 18–24 months of corrected age. Caloric deprivation, late onset sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were significant risk factors of neurodevelopmental impairment. Conclusions: Several neonatal factors affect the neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants, and nutrition may pose an important role.