Chemical transformation of silver nanoparticles in aquatic environments: Mechanism, morphology and toxicity. (January 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Weicheng; Xiao, Bangding; Fang, Tao
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 191(2018)
• Page Start: 324
• Page End: 334
• Publication Date: 2018-01
• Subjects: Silver nanoparticles -- Chemical transformation mechanisms -- Morphology -- Toxicity; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.016
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been inevitably introduced into ecological environment during their extensive applications in daily human life. Thermodynamically, Ag NPs are unstable and transform into other species under various aqueous conditions. Ag NPs and their transformation products pose potential threats to environment and humans. However, the complex environmental conditions and transformations of Ag NPs complicate their human health and environmental risk assessment. To bridge the knowledge gap, four essential environmental transformations, oxidative dissolution, sulfidation, chlorination and photoreduction, of Ag NPs are reviewed herein. The mechanism, morphology and size change, as well as the toxicity of Ag NPs during these transformations under certain aqueous conditions are detailed. In particular, these environmental transformations have shown strong correlations that are discussed. The transformation, fate, bioavailability, morphology and toxicity of Ag NPs are critical factors and should be considered in a complete human health and environmental risk assessment of Ag NPs. The fluctuation of these factors in the realistic environment is also vital and should be considered. Graphical abstract: Image Highlights: Importance of morphology and toxicity changes of Ag NPs in whole water environment is highlighted. Correlations between water environmental factors and these four chemical transformations of Ag NPs are discussed. Various environmental transformations of Ag NPs should be accounted for in a full picture to understand their human health and environmental risk assessment.