Within‐House Spatial Distribution of Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Poultry Litter. Issue 5 (1st September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Winkler, Scott; Coufal, Craig; Harmel, Daren; Martin, Emily; Brooks, John P.; Popham, Sheena; Gentry, Terry J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of Environmental Quality. Volume 46:Issue 5(2017)
• Page Start: 1003
• Page End: 1009
• Publication Date: 2017-09-01
• Subjects: Agricultural ecology -- Periodicals; Environmental engineering -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Periodicals; 630
• DOI: 10.2134/jeq2017.05.0188
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0047-2425

Abstract

Abstract : Land application of poultry litter is often considered to be a major source of water pollutants in poultry‐producing regions. However, reported levels of fecal indicator microorganisms in litter vary widely, with considerable variation possible within houses and across farms, depending on management practices. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the levels and distribution of indicator microorganisms within 12 broiler farms representing three companies. Within each house, litter samples were collected from around the feed line, water line, north wall, cool pad end, middle, and fan end. Litter moisture content was significantly different within the houses, with the litter being driest around the feed line (19.8%) and wettest around the water line (40.7%). Mean levels of total coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci, and Clostridium perfringens were 3.7, 3.3, 6.4, and 4.0 log10 colony‐forming units g −1 dry litter, respectively. Levels of total coliforms, E. coli, and C. perfringens were positively correlated with litter moisture content, but enterococci levels were not. Consequently, levels of total coliforms, E. coli, and C. perfringens, as well as enterococci, were highest around the water line and lowest around the feed line. These results indicate that areas with higher litter water content are more likely to contain higher levels of most fecal indicator microorganisms. Approaches to reduce litter water content in these areas would not only benefit the microbial quality of litter for land application but would also likely improve in‐house disease control. Core Ideas: Total coliforms, E. coli, and C. perfringens correlated with litter water content. Bacterial levels were highest around the water line and lowest around the feed line. Reducing litter water content may improve microbial quality for land application.