Docosahexaenoic acid slows inflammation resolution and impairs the quality of healed skin tissue. (28th November 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Candreva, Thamiris; Kühl, Carolina M.C.; Burger, Beatriz; dos Anjos, Mariah B.P.; Torsoni, Márcio A.; Consonni, Sílvio R.; Crisma, Amanda R.; Fisk, Helena L.; Calder, Philip C.; de Mato, Felipe C.P.; Sernaglia, Erica M.; Vinolo, Marco A.R.; Rodrigues, Hosana G.
• Is Part Of: Clinical science. Volume 133:Number 22(2019)
• Page Start: 2345
• Page End: 2360
• Publication Date: 2019-11-28
• Subjects: cytokines -- inflammation -- lipid mediators -- omega-3 fatty acids -- tissue repair; Medicine -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1042/CS20190753
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0143-5221

Abstract

Abstract: There is no consensus on the effects of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (FA) on cutaneous repair. To solve this problem, we used 2 different approaches: (1) FAT-1 transgenic mice, capable of producing endogenous ω-3 FA; (2) wild-type (WT) mice orally supplemented with DHA-enriched fish oil. FAT-1 mice had higher systemic (serum) and local (skin tissue) ω-3 FA levels, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in comparison with WT mice. FAT-1 mice had increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and content of CXCL-1 and CXCL-2, and reduced IL-10 in the skin wound tissue three days after the wound induction. Inflammation was maintained by an elevated TNF-α concentration and presence of inflammatory cells and edema. Neutrophils and macrophages, isolated from FAT-1 mice, also produced increased TNF-α and reduced IL-10 levels. In these mice, the wound closure was delayed, with a wound area 6-fold bigger in relation with WT group, on the last day of analysis (14 days post-wounding). This was associated with poor orientation of collagen fibers and structural aspects in repaired tissue. Similarly, DHA group had a delay during late inflammatory phase. This group had increased TNF-α content and CD45 + F4/80 + cells at the third day after skin wounding and increased concentrations of important metabolites derived from ω-3, like 18-HEPE, and reduced concentrations of those from ω-6 FA. In conclusion, elevated DHA content, achieved in both FAT-1 and DHA groups, slowed inflammation resolution and impaired the quality of healed skin tissue.