Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) extracts: Potential therapeutic benefits for periodontal infections. (February 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Souissi, Mariem; Azelmat, Jabrane; Chaieb, Kamel; Grenier, Daniel
• Is Part Of: Anaerobe. Volume 61(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-02
• Subjects: Cardamom -- Essential oil -- Periodontal disease -- Anti-inflammatory -- Antibacterial agents -- Macrophages; Anaerobic infections -- Periodicals; Anaerobic bacteria -- Periodicals; Bacterial diseases -- Periodicals; Computer network resources; Anaerobic protozoa -- Periodicals; 579.3
• DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102089
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1075-9964

Abstract

Abstract: Cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum ) is a traditional aromatic plant for which several pharmacological properties have been associated. In this study, the antibacterial activity of two cardamom extracts (fruit and seeds), rich in volatile compounds, against major periodontal pathogens was evaluated. Moreover, the ability of the extracts to exert anti-inflammatory activity was tested. Both cardamom fruit and seed extracts exerted an antibacterial effect against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia (minimum inhibitory concentrations: 0.5% [v/v], 0.25%, 0.062%, 0.125%, respectively and minimum bactericidal concentrations: 1%, 0.25%, 0.062%, 0.25%, respectively). The cell membrane of P. gingivalis was disrupted by a treatment with cardamom extracts suggesting the bactericidal mode of action. The extracts also inhibited biofilm formation although it correlated with a growth reduction. Moreover, the cardamom extracts significantly decreased the secretion of IL-1β, TNF- α, and IL-8 by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Evidence were brought that the anti-inflammatory activity may result from inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. This study is the first to provide evidence that cardamom fruit and seed extracts through their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties may be therapeutic agents of interest against periodontal infections. Highlights: Cardamom ( Elettaria cardamomum ) is a traditional aromatic plant. Cardamom extracts inhibit growth of major periodontal pathogens. Cardamom extracts attenuate the inflammatory response of LPS-treated macrophages. Bioactive compounds from cardamom may be promising therapeutic agents against periodontal disease.