Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the flame retardants (PBDE-47, PBDE-99 and PBDE-209) in human bronchial epithelial cells. (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Montalbano, Angela Marina; Albano, Giusy Daniela; Anzalone, Giulia; Moscato, Monica; Gagliardo, Rosalia; Di Sano, Caterina; Bonanno, Anna; Ruggieri, Silvia; Cibella, Fabio; Profita, Mirella
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 245(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers -- Bronchial epithelial cells -- Oxidative stress -- DNA-Damage/DNA-Repair -- Proliferation -- Apoptosis; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125600
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widespread as flame-retardants in different types of consumer products. PBDEs present in the air or dust and their inhalation can damage human health by influencing the respiratory system. We evaluated the effects of environment relevant concentrations (0.01–1 μM) of PBDE-47, PBDE-99 and PBDE-209 on the mechanism of oxidative stress, dysregulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage and repair (in term of H2AX phosphorylation ser139) in an in-vitro/ex-vivo model of bronchial epithelial cells. PBDEs (−47, −99 and −209) at the environment relevant concentrations (0.01 and 1 μM) induce oxidative stress (in term of NOX-4 expression as well as ROS and JC-1 production), activate the mechanism of DNA-damage and repair affecting Olive Tail length (comet assay) production and H2AX phosphorylation (ser139) in normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Furthermore PBDEs, although do not affect cell viability, induce cell apoptosis and single cell capacity to grow into a colony (like a cancer phenotype) in bronchial epithelial cells. Finally, PBDE-47 had a greater effect than −99 and −209. PBDE-47, -99 and −209 congeners exert cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, and play a critical role in the dysregulation of oxidative stress, damaging DNA and the related gene expression in bronchial epithelial cells. Our findings might suggest that PBDEs inhalation might have adverse effect on human health regarding pulmonary diseases in the areas of environmental pollution. Graphical abstract: Effects of PBDEs in bronchial epithelial cells. Summary of the study. Image 109 Highlights: PBDEs (47, 99, 209) promote oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis dysregulation. PBDEs affect the mechanism of DNA damage and repair in lung epithelium. PBDE 47 shows a greater effect than PBDE-99 or 209 on epithelial cells. PBDEs (47, 99, 209) damage the healthy of human respiratory system.