How best to reduce unhealthy risk-taking behaviours? A meta-review of evidence syntheses of interventions using self-regulation principles. Issue 1 (2nd January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Protogerou, Cleo; McHugh, R. Kathryn; Johnson, Blair T.
• Is Part Of: Health psychology review. Volume 14:Issue 1(2020)
• Page Start: 86
• Page End: 115
• Publication Date: 2020-01-02
• Subjects: Self-regulation -- risk-taking -- health -- behaviour change interventions -- meta-review; Clinical health psychology -- Periodicals; 613.019
• DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1707104
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1743-7199

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Self-regulation is a key antecedent of health and behaviour-change interventions have utilised self-regulation approaches to promote health. The present study used a novel methodology, a nested meta-review, to: (a) integrate and summarise information from evidence syntheses of diverse self-regulation interventions to reduce risk-taking, in the behavioural domains of smoking, alcohol and drug use, unhealthy eating, externalising problem behaviours, and sexual risk-taking; (b) identify intervention features implicated in risk-taking prevention or reduction; and (c) provide recommendations for future research and practice. Searches of eight databases yielded 21 eligible evidence syntheses, 15 taking a primarily social-cognitive strategy ( k = 1, 103 total studies), and 6 taking a primary trait/developmental strategy ( k = 119); total N > 650, 000. Intervention features most frequently associated with reduced risk-taking included: delivery of multiple components through (either, or a mix of) group, individual, computer, and one-one-one delivery; screening and pharmacotherapy, where relevant; targeting only one behavioural outcome; provision of counselling, stress-management, skills-training, self-monitoring, self-control and impulsivity training, and personalised feedback; identification of barriers and 'resolution' of barriers; tailoring to age and ethnicity; and, also, incorporating social support by peers. Some of these patterns were more visible in meta-analyses with higher methodological quality. Recommendations for research and practice are offered.