An insect nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDK) functions as an effector protein in wheat - Hessian fly interactions. (September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Zhuhong; Ge, Jun-Qing; Chen, Hang; Cheng, Xiaoyan; Yang, Yiqun; Li, Jun; Whitworth, R. Jeff; Chen, Ming-Shun
• Is Part Of: Insect biochemistry and molecular biology. Volume 100(2018)
• Page Start: 30
• Page End: 38
• Publication Date: 2018-09
• Subjects: Insect biochemistry -- Periodicals; Insects -- Physiology -- Periodicals; Insects -- Molecular aspects -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Insectes -- Biochimie -- Périodiques; Insectes -- Composition -- Périodiques; Insectes -- Physiologie -- Périodiques; Insectes -- Aspect moléculaire -- Périodiques; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Biochemistry; Insect biochemistry; Insects -- Molecular aspects; Insects -- Physiology; Periodicals; 572.8157
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.06.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0965-1748

Abstract

Abstract: Like pathogens, galling insects deliver effectors into plant tissues that induce gall formation. The gall midge Mayetiola destructor, also called Hessian fly, can convert a whole wheat seedling into a gall by inducing the formation of nutritive cells at the feeding site, inhibiting wheat growth, and reprogramming metabolic pathways of the attacked plants. Here we demonstrated the identification of a secreted Hessian fly protein, the nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDK), in infested wheat plants through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and western blots. In association with the NDK presence, enzymatic activity of NDK increased significantly in wheat tissues at the feeding site. In addition, there was a sudden increase in ATP abundance at the feeding site of infested susceptible wheat seedlings 24 h following Hessian fly larval infestation. Even though a direct link between cause and effect remains to be established, our data points to the direction that Hessian fly larvae injected NDK into wheat tissues as an effector protein, which plays a role in manipulating host plants and converting the plants into galls. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Nucleoside diphosphate kinase-1 (NDK-1) is abundantly expressed in the salivary glands of first instar Hessian fly larvae. NDK-1 is injected into wheat tissues during larval feeding. In association with NDK-1 injection, a sudden increase in ATP abundance was detected in Hessian fly-infested wheat tissues.