Antioxidant activities of chitosans and its derivatives in in vitro and in vivo studies. (1st November 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Anraku, Makoto; Gebicki, Janusz M.; Iohara, Daisuke; Tomida, Hisao; Uekama, Kaneto; Maruyama, Toru; Hirayama, Fumitoshi; Otagiri, Masaki
• Is Part Of: Carbohydrate polymers. Volume 199(2018)
• Page Start: 141
• Page End: 149
• Publication Date: 2018-11-01
• Subjects: ROS reactive oxygen species -- DMW different molecular weight -- DR deacetylation ratio -- LMW low molecular weight -- HMW high molecular weight -- LMWC low molecular weight chitosan -- HMWC high molecular weight chitosan -- AAPH 2, 2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride -- TPH theophylline -- SDCH-NF deacetylated chitin nanofibers -- CRF chronic renal failure -- DAC deacetylated chitosan -- IS indoxy sulfate -- 5-HT kremezin®, AST-120, 5- hydroxytryptamine -- MCP-1 monocyte chemotactic protein-1; Chitosan -- Antioxidant -- Renal failure -- Oxidative stress -- Nanofibers; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 547.78
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.016
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8617

Abstract

Highlights: Chitosan and its derivatives is useful for oxidative stress related diseases. Chitosan and its derivatives resulted in reduction of hypocholesteremia and uremia. The low-dose SDACNFs decreased the levels of uremic toxins as pro-oxidants. The low-dose SDACNFs might result in reduction of cardiovascular disease. The change of oxidative stress was correlated with serum indoxyl sulfate levels. Abstract: This review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of various chitosan preparations, including those with different molecular weights and degrees of acetylation and the nanofibers produced from them. In in vitro studies, low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan with high degrees of deacetylation has more potent antioxidant properties than those of high molecular weight (HMW) chitosan. On the other hand, HMW chitosan has higher adsorption properties than those of LMW chitosan. On the basis of the in vitro results obtained, the ingestion of chitosan and nanofiber derived from it, with moderate MW and degrees of acetylation results in a significant reduction in oxidative stress in several chronic oxidative stress related diseases such as the metabolic syndrome and renal failure. In the future, chitosan and related nanofibers with presumed antioxidant properties may be used as a new source of antioxidant, as a possible food supplement, as an ingredient or in the pharmaceutical industry.