Gut microbiome and response to checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer—A review. (January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nagasaka, Misako; Sexton, Rachel; Alhasan, Roba; Rahman, Sarah; Asfar, Azmi S.; Sukari, Ammar
• Is Part Of: Critical reviews in oncology/hematology. Volume 145(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-01
• Subjects: CDT cytolethal distending toxin -- CINC-2 cytokin-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2 -- COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -- DNA deoxyribonucleic acid -- P aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- GPR G-protein coupled receptors -- GVHD graft versus host disease -- HDAC histonedeactylace -- H parainfluenzae Hemophilus parainfluenzae -- HPV human papilloma virus -- IBS irritable bowel syndrome -- IL-2 interleukin 2 -- IL-6 interleukin 6 -- IL-7C interleukin- 7C -- IL-10 interleukin 10 -- MCP-1 monocytechemoattract protein-1 -- MALT mucoasa associated lymphoid tissue -- NGS next generation sequencing -- NOD-2 nucleotide-bindingoligiomerization domain-containing protein 2 -- NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer -- NTHi nontypeable Haemophilus influenza -- PD1 programmed death 1 -- PDL1 programmed death ligand 1 -- PFS progression free survival -- rRNA ribosomalriboneucleic acid -- Spp species -- SCFAs short chain fatty acids -- Th17 T Helper cells -- TLR toll-like receptors -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha -- TPSL tumor proportion score -- UC ulcerative colitis; Microbiota -- Lung microbiome -- Gut-lung axis -- Immunotherapy -- PD1-inhibitors -- Antibiotics -- Fecal transplant -- Lung cancer; Oncology -- Periodicals; Hematology -- Periodicals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.102841
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1040-8428

Abstract

Highlights: The gut microbiome plays an important role in host immune response. Alterations in lung bacterial content may influence COPD and asthma. Gut microbiota has shown to alter effects of cancer therapy in murine models. NSCLC patients responding to checkpoint inhibitors had higher microbiome diversity. Best approaches to modulate the gut microbiome are under investigation. Abstract: The gut microbiome is a collection of diverse bacteria that normally reside within the gastrointestinal tract. In recent years, the relationship between the gut microbiome, and fluctuations in it, and overall health has been an intense area of interest in medical research. In addition to having a barrier role in the gastrointestinal tract, there appears to be an immune function of gut microbiota, with a correlation between dysbiosis of gut microbiota and certain inflammatory and malignant disease states of the gastrointestinal system. We have also seen evidence that the gut microbiome can impact response to immunotherapy in melanoma patients. Evidence has also emerged to show that the lung has a microbiome of its own. In this review we will explore the relationship between the gut and lung microbiomes, known as the gut-lung axis, and the potential effects of this axis on anticancer therapy in lung cancer, including checkpoint inhibitors.