Emergencies in haematology: tumour lysis syndrome. (27th November 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Durani, Urshila; Hogan, William J.
• Is Part Of: British journal of haematology. Volume 188:Number 4(2020)
• Page Start: 494
• Page End: 500
• Publication Date: 2019-11-27
• Subjects: tumor lysis syndrome -- renal failure -- leukemia -- lymphoma; Hematology -- Periodicals; Blood -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 616.15
• DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16278
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0007-1048

Abstract

Summary: Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is a significant complication of haematologic malignancies and their management. The syndrome consists of laboratory abnormalities either alone (laboratory TLS) or with clinical sequelae including renal failure, seizures, and arrhythmias (clinical TLS). Clinical TLS is a predictor for worse overall morbidity and mortality in cancer patients, but can be prevented. Thus, accurate prognostication is critical to appropriate management of patients at risk for TLS, and incorporates both disease factors (tumour type and burden) and patient factors (baseline renal insufficiency or hyperuricaemia). Strategies to prevent TLS include hydration and allopurinol in low‐ and intermediate‐risk patients and rasburicase in high‐risk patients.