Optimal memory-aware backpropagation of deep join networks. (20th January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Beaumont, Olivier; Herrmann, Julien; Pallez (Aupy), Guillaume; Shilova, Alena
• Is Part Of: Philosophical transactions. Volume 378:Number 2166(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-01-20
• Subjects: backpropagation -- memory -- pebble game; Physical sciences -- Periodicals; Engineering -- Periodicals; Mathematics -- Periodicals; 500
• DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0049
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1364-503X

Abstract

Abstract : Deep learning training memory needs can prevent the user from considering large models and large batch sizes. In this work, we propose to use techniques from memory-aware scheduling and automatic differentiation (AD) to execute a backpropagation graph with a bounded memory requirement at the cost of extra recomputations. The case of a single homogeneous chain, i.e. the case of a network whose stages are all identical and form a chain, is well understood and optimal solutions have been proposed in the AD literature. The networks encountered in practice in the context of deep learning are much more diverse, both in terms of shape and heterogeneity. In this work, we define the class of backpropagation graphs, and extend those on which one can compute in polynomial time a solution that minimizes the total number of recomputations. In particular, we consider join graphs which correspond to models such as siamese or cross-modal networks. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Numerical algorithms for high-performance computational science'.