Nematocyst types and venom effects of Aurelia aurita and Velella velella from the Mediterranean Sea. (February 2020)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Nematocyst types and venom effects of Aurelia aurita and Velella velella from the Mediterranean Sea. (February 2020)
- Main Title:
- Nematocyst types and venom effects of Aurelia aurita and Velella velella from the Mediterranean Sea
- Authors:
- Killi, Nurçin
Bonello, Guido
Mariottini, Gian Luigi
Pardini, Patrizia
Pozzolini, Marina
Cengiz, Sibel - Abstract:
- Abstract: Natural substances produced by venomous marine organisms are thought to be possible sources of useful compounds and new drugs having the potential to open new ways for pharmacology, nutrition and environmental applications. In this framework, cnidarians are very interesting being widely distributed and all are venomous organisms; so, a deep knowledge of their occurrence, morphology of venomous structures and of effects of venoms at cellular level is fundamental to evaluate the possible utilization of venomous compounds or extracts. In this research, the morphology and occurrence of nematocysts in two cnidarian species ( Aurelia aurita, Velella velella ), and the preliminary evaluation of the cytotoxicity of V. velella crude extract, of which cytotoxicity on cell cultures at present is unknown, were considered. The specimens were sampled in Güllük Bay, Southwestern coast of Turkey, and in the Gulf of Genova, Northwestern coast of Italy. Six nematocyst types (a-isorhiza, A-isorhiza, O-isorhiza, eurytele, polyspiras, birhopaloid) having different sizes, were observed in A. aurita, and two types (eurytele and stenotele) in V. velella . The crude extract from V. velella showed cytotoxic activity against cultured fibroblasts L929 at high doses, while inducing cell proliferation at low doses. The protein content in the extract increased remarkably after disruption of nematocysts. Graphical abstract: Image 1098 Highlights: The shape of some nematocyst types differs in A.Abstract: Natural substances produced by venomous marine organisms are thought to be possible sources of useful compounds and new drugs having the potential to open new ways for pharmacology, nutrition and environmental applications. In this framework, cnidarians are very interesting being widely distributed and all are venomous organisms; so, a deep knowledge of their occurrence, morphology of venomous structures and of effects of venoms at cellular level is fundamental to evaluate the possible utilization of venomous compounds or extracts. In this research, the morphology and occurrence of nematocysts in two cnidarian species ( Aurelia aurita, Velella velella ), and the preliminary evaluation of the cytotoxicity of V. velella crude extract, of which cytotoxicity on cell cultures at present is unknown, were considered. The specimens were sampled in Güllük Bay, Southwestern coast of Turkey, and in the Gulf of Genova, Northwestern coast of Italy. Six nematocyst types (a-isorhiza, A-isorhiza, O-isorhiza, eurytele, polyspiras, birhopaloid) having different sizes, were observed in A. aurita, and two types (eurytele and stenotele) in V. velella . The crude extract from V. velella showed cytotoxic activity against cultured fibroblasts L929 at high doses, while inducing cell proliferation at low doses. The protein content in the extract increased remarkably after disruption of nematocysts. Graphical abstract: Image 1098 Highlights: The shape of some nematocyst types differs in A. aurita sampled in different zones. Nematocyst number-bell diameter relationship was not observed in A. aurita. Only eurytele and stenotele nematocyst types were observed in V. velella. High doses of V. velella crude venom caused decrease of survival in L929 cells. Low doses of V. velella crude venom had positive effects on L929 cells. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Toxicon. Volume 175(2020)
- Journal:
- Toxicon
- Issue:
- Volume 175(2020)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 175, Issue 2020 (2020)
- Year:
- 2020
- Volume:
- 175
- Issue:
- 2020
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2020-0175-2020-0000
- Page Start:
- 57
- Page End:
- 63
- Publication Date:
- 2020-02
- Subjects:
- Cnidaria -- Jellyfish -- Venom -- Nematocysts -- Morphology -- Cytotoxicity
Toxins -- Periodicals
Venom -- Periodicals
615.9 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00410101 ↗
http://www.elsevier.com/journals ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.12.155 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0041-0101
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 8873.050000
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 12733.xml