Combining surveillance systems to investigate local trends in tuberculosis-HIV co-infection. Issue 10 (3rd October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Davy-Mendez, Thibaut; Shiau, Rita; Okada, Reiko C.; Moss, Nicholas J.; Huang, Sandra; Murgai, Neena; Chitnis, Amit S.
• Is Part Of: AIDS care. Volume 31:Issue 10(2019)
• Page Start: 1311
• Page End: 1318
• Publication Date: 2019-10-03
• Subjects: Tuberculosis -- HIV -- AIDS-related opportunistic infections -- public health surveillance -- California; AIDS (Disease) -- Social aspects -- Periodicals; AIDS (Disease) -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; AIDS (Disease) -- Patients -- Care -- Periodicals; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; 362.1969792
• DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1576845
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0954-0121

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Alameda County has some of the highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) case rates of California counties. We identified TB-HIV co-infected patients in 2002–2015 by matching county TB and HIV registries, and assessed trends in TB-HIV case rates and estimated prevalence ratios for HIV co-infection. Of 2054 TB cases reported during 2002–2015, 91 (4%) were HIV co-infected. TB-HIV case rates were 0.29/100, 000 and 0.40/100, 000 in 2002 and 2015, respectively, with no significant change ( P = 0.85). African-American TB case-patients were 9.77 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.90–16.17) more likely than Asians to be HIV co-infected, and men 2.74 times (95% CI 1.66–4.51) more likely co-infected than women. HIV co-infection was more likely among TB case-patients with homelessness (6.21, 95% CI 3.49–11.05) and injection drug use (11.75, 95% CI 7.61–18.14), but less common among foreign-born and older case-patients (both P < 0.05). Among foreign-born case-patients, 42% arrived in the U.S. within 5 years of TB diagnosis. TB-HIV case rates were low and stable in Alameda County, and co-infected patients were predominantly young, male, U.S.-born individuals with traditional TB risk factors. Efforts to reduce TB-HIV burden in Alameda County should target persons with traditional TB risk factors and recently arrived foreign-born individuals.