Correlates of antiretroviral coverage for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Issue 10 (3rd October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Olakunde, Babayemi O.; Adeyinka, Daniel A.; Olakunde, Olubunmi A.; Ozigbu, Chamberline E.; Ndukwe, Chinwendu D.; Oladele, Tolu; Wakdok, Sabastine; Udemezue, Samuel; Ezeanolue, Echezona E.
• Is Part Of: AIDS care. Volume 31:Issue 10(2019)
• Page Start: 1255
• Page End: 1260
• Publication Date: 2019-10-03
• Subjects: PMTCT -- ARV coverage -- sub-Saharan Africa -- correlates -- stigma; AIDS (Disease) -- Social aspects -- Periodicals; AIDS (Disease) -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; AIDS (Disease) -- Patients -- Care -- Periodicals; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; 362.1969792
• DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1587364
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0954-0121

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are effective in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT), however many sub-Saharan African countries are yet to achieve universal ARV coverage among pregnant women living with HIV. This study examined factors associated with ARV coverage for PMTCT in 41 sub-Saharan Africa countries. Country-level aggregated data were obtained from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, World Health Organization, and United Nations Children's Fund. Using Spearman's rho and point-biserial correlation, we conducted bivariate analyses between ARV coverage for PMTCT and the following variables: stigma, antenatal care (ANC) uptake, institutional delivery, community delivery of ARV drugs, number of HIV testing and counselling (HTC) facilities, and density of skilled health workers. We also performed a multivariate median regression with the significant correlates. P < .05 was considered statistically significant for all the tests. The median ARV coverage for PMTCT was 76% (IQR: 55–85%). ARV coverage for PMTCT was significantly associated with HTC facilities ( r = 0.46, p = .004), institutional delivery ( r = 0.48, p = .002), ANC uptake: at least one visit ( r = 0.54, p = .001), and stigma ( r =−0.52, p = .003). In the multivariate analysis, only stigma remained statistically significant ( β = −0.6, 95% CI = −1.13, −0.07, p = .03). To eliminate perinatal transmission of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, interventions that will address stigma-related barriers to uptake of PMTCT services are needed. More research on country-specific population-level correlates of ARV coverage for PMTCT is recommended.