Characterization of peach tree crown by using high-resolution images from an unmanned aerial vehicle. Issue 1 (December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mu, Yue; Fujii, Yuichiro; Takata, Daisuke; Zheng, Bangyou; Noshita, Koji; Honda, Kiyoshi; Ninomiya, Seishi; Guo, Wei
• Is Part Of: Horticulture research. Volume 5:Issue 1(2018)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 10
• Publication Date: 2018-12
• Subjects: Horticulture -- Research -- Periodicals; 635.072
• DOI: 10.1038/s41438-018-0097-z
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2052-7276

Abstract

Abstract In orchards, measuring crown characteristics is essential for monitoring the dynamics of tree growth and optimizing farm management. However, it lacks a rapid and reliable method of extracting the features of trees with an irregular crown shape such as trained peach trees. Here, we propose an efficient method of segmenting the individual trees and measuring the crown width and crown projection area (CPA) of peach trees with time-series information, based on gathered images. The images of peach trees were collected by unmanned aerial vehicles in an orchard in Okayama, Japan, and then the digital surface model was generated by using a Structure from Motion (SfM) and Multi-View Stereo (MVS) based software. After individual trees were identified through the use of an adaptive threshold and marker-controlled watershed segmentation in the digital surface model, the crown widths and CPA were calculated, and the accuracy was evaluated against manual delineation and field measurement, respectively. Taking manual delineation of 12 trees as reference, the root-mean-square errors of the proposed method were 0.08 m (R 2 = 0.99) and 0.15 m (R 2 = 0.93) for the two orthogonal crown widths, and 3.87 m2 for CPA (R 2 = 0.89), while those taking field measurement of 44 trees as reference were 0.47 m (R 2 = 0.91), 0.51 m (R 2 = 0.74), and 4.96 m2 (R 2 = 0.88). The change of growth rate of CPA showed that the peach trees grew faster from May to July than from July to September, with a wide variation in relative growth rates among trees. Not only can this method save labour by replacing field measurement, but also it can allow farmers to monitor the growth of orchard trees dynamically. Precision horticulture: Peachy method for monitoring orchard growth A rapid automated system for monitoring peach tree growth had been developed that could replace laborious field measurements and enable farmers to manage their orchards more effectively. Knowing a tree's crown width—the mass of branches and foliage growing outwards from its trunk—enables more effective spraying, machine harvesting, and assessment of trees' growth. However, because peach trees have irregular shaped crowns, there is no rapid and reliable method for extracting this information. Wei Guo at the University of Tokyo and colleagues used unmanned aerial vehicles to photograph an orchard, then generated a digital surface model which enabled individual trees to be identified, and their crown widths and projection areas to be accurately calculated. This revealed that the trees grew faster during early summer compared to late summer, with wide variation between individual trees.