A Pilot Characterization of the Human Chronobiome. Issue 1 (December 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Skarke, Carsten; Lahens, Nicholas F.; Rhoades, Seth D.; Campbell, Amy; Bittinger, Kyle; Bailey, Aubrey; Hoffmann, Christian; Olson, Randal; Chen, Lihong; Yang, Guangrui; Price, Thomas; Moore, Jason; Bushman, Frederic; Greene, Casey; Grant, Gregory; Weljie, Aalim; FitzGerald, Garret
• Is Part Of: Scientific reports. Volume 7:Issue 1(2017)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 12
• Publication Date: 2017-12
• Subjects: Natural history -- Research -- Periodicals; Biology -- Research -- Periodicals; Physical sciences -- Research -- Periodicals; Earth sciences -- Research -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Research -- Periodicals; 502.85
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17362-6
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2045-2322

Abstract

Abstract Physiological function, disease expression and drug effects vary by time-of-day. Clock disruption in mice results in cardio-metabolic, immunological and neurological dysfunction; circadian misalignment using forced desynchrony increases cardiovascular risk factors in humans. Here we integrated data from remote sensors, physiological and multi-omics analyses to assess the feasibility of detecting time dependent signals - the chronobiome – despite the "noise" attributable to the behavioral differences of free-living human volunteers. The majority (62%) of sensor readouts showed time-specific variability including the expected variation in blood pressure, heart rate, and cortisol. While variance in the multi-omics is dominated by inter-individual differences, temporal patterns are evident in the metabolome (5.4% in plasma, 5.6% in saliva) and in several genera of the oral microbiome. This demonstrates, despite a small sample size and limited sampling, the feasibility of characterizing at scale the human chronobiome "in the wild". Such reference data at scale are a prerequisite to detect and mechanistically interpret discordant data derived from patients with temporal patterns of disease expression, to develop time-specific therapeutic strategies and to refine existing treatments.