Using theory and user‐centered design in digital health: The development of the mychoice communication tool to prepare patients and improve informed decision making regarding clinical trial participation. Issue 1 (2nd December 2019) - Fleisher, Linda
Abstract: Objective: Designing salient digital health interventions requires theoretically‐based formative research and user‐center design with stakeholder input throughout impacting content and technology design. mychoice is a theory‐based, stakeholder‐guided digital health tool to improve clinical trial informed decision making, particularly among African American patients. Methods: mychoice was developed by (1) mixed‐methods formative research, including in‐depth interviews ( n =16) and surveys ( N =41) with African American cancer patients who had and had not participated in a clinical trial; (2) e‐tool design process including perceptual mapping analysis to prioritize messages, multi‐disciplinary team and stakeholder input; and (3) iterative production and user testing. Results: Interview findings showed that clinical trial participants expressed more positive attributes about and an openness to consider clinical trials, even though they expressed common concerns such as "fear of being a guinea pig". Survey results indicated that clinical trial participants expressed they had been given information to make the decision ( P = .001), while those who had not more frequently reported ( P > .001) that no one had talked to them about trials. Perceptual mapping indicated that values such as "helping find a cure" or "value to society" had little resonance to those who had not participated, providing message strategy for prototype development. User testing of the tool resulted in modifications; the most significant was the adaptation to a multi‐cultural version. Conclusions: With the promise of digital health interventions, theory‐guided, user‐centered and best practice development is critical and mychoice serves as an example of the application of these principles.