Complex genetic interactions between DNA polymerase β and the NHEJ ligase. (29th July 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kurosawa, Aya; Kuboshima, Hiroyuki; Adachi, Noritaka
• Is Part Of: FEBS journal. Volume 287:Number 2(2020)
• Page Start: 377
• Page End: 385
• Publication Date: 2019-07-29
• Subjects: base excision repair -- DNA polymerase β -- non‐homologous end‐joining; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; 572
• DOI: 10.1111/febs.15012
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1742-464X

Abstract

Abstract : Mammalian cells possess multiple pathways for repairing various types of DNA damage. Although the molecular mechanisms of each DNA repair pathway have been analyzed by biochemical analysis and cell biological analysis, interplay between different pathways has not been fully elucidated. In this study, using human Nalm‐6–mutant cell lines, we analyzed the relationship between the base excision repair factor DNA polymerase β (POLβ) and DNA ligase IV (LIG4), which is essential for DNA double‐strand break (DSB) repair by non‐homologous end‐joining (NHEJ). We found that cells lacking both POLβ and LIG4 grew significantly more slowly than either single mutant, indicating cooperative functions of the two proteins in normal cell growth. To further investigate the genetic interaction between POLβ and LIG4, we examined DNA damage sensitivity of the mutant cell lines. Our results suggested that NHEJ acts as a backup pathway for repairing alkylation damage (when converted into DSBs) in the absence of POLβ. Surprisingly, despite the critical role of POLβ in alkylation damage repair, cells lacking POLβ exhibited increased resistance to camptothecin (a topoisomerase I inhibitor that induces DNA single‐strand breaks), irrespective of the presence or absence of LIG4. A LIG4‐independent increased resistance associated with POLβ loss was also observed with ionizing radiation; however, cells lacking both POLβ and LIG4 were more radiosensitive than either single mutant. Taken together, our findings provide novel insight into the complex interplay between different DNA repair pathways. Abstract : In this study, we show the complex interaction between DNA polymerase β (POLβ) and DNA ligase IV (LIG4) in human cells. Loss of both POLβ and LIG4 decreased cell proliferation and repair of alkylation damage. Surprisingly, loss of POLβ was favorable for cell survival after camptothecin treatment or x‐ray irradiation. Our findings provide new insights into understanding the maintenance of genome integrity.