Root and root canal diversity in human permanent maxillary first premolars and upper/lower first molars from a 14th–17th and 18th–19th century Radom population. (February 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Przesmycka, Agata; Jędrychowska-Dańska, Krystyna; Masłowska, Alicja; Witas, Henryk; Regulski, Piotr; Tomczyk, Jacek
• Is Part Of: Archives of oral biology. Volume 110(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-02
• Subjects: CBCT cone beam computed tomography -- LMP late medieval period -- MP modern period -- FDI Fédération Dentaire Internationale -- mtDNA mitochondrial DNA -- PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction; Upper first premolars -- Upper/lower first molars -- Radom historical teeth -- CBCT -- Genetic; Mouth -- Periodicals; Mouth -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Dentistry -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 617.6005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104603
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0003-9969

Abstract

Highlights: Morphology of root and root canals has changed in two groups over the centuries. Maxillary first premolars showed the largest variation in the number of teeth roots. Over the centuries new root canal systems have occurred. Much higher haplogroup diversity fit into the variability of teeth roots and canals. A few of haplogroups (i.e., C, N and R) from outside of Europe were observed. Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether analyzed groups from two historical periods: Late Medieval (LMP), and Modern (MP) from Radom varied in the number of tooth roots and root canal system morphology. Methods: Root morphology of 229 permanent human teeth were analyzed using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Additionally, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 29 individuals from the LMP and 31 from the MP was analyzed. Results: In LMP, the maxillary first premolars were dominated by one root, while in MP second and third roots also appeared. Maxillary first molars in LMP presented three roots, while two-rooted forms occurred in MP. All mandibular first molars from the LMP and almost all (98%) from MP presented two roots. The greatest diversity in terms of root canal number occurred in one-rooted maxillary first premolars, the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molars, and the mesial and distal roots of the mandibular first molars in both groups. A few haplogroups from outside Europe (C, N, and R) were recorded in the MP Radom population. Moreover, this population had substantially higher haplogroup diversity compared with the LMP population. Conclusion: Odontological research indicates an increase in the diversity in the number of roots and the shape of root canals in MP. This information corresponds to genetic research, which also indicates an increase in the diversity of haplogroups during the MP.