Diversity of DNA Nanostructures and Applications in Oncotherapy. Issue 1 (19th September 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhan, Yuxi; Ma, Wenjuan; Zhang, Yuxin; Mao, Chenchen; Shao, Xiaoru; Xie, Xueping; Lin, Yunfeng
• Is Part Of: Biotechnology journal. Volume 15:Issue 1(2020)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2019-09-19
• Subjects: aptamers -- chemical drugs -- configurations -- DNA nanostructures -- oncotherapy; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; 660.605
• DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900094
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1860-6768

Abstract

Abstract : DNA nanotechnology is a new frontier in the field of tumor biotherapy. Simple DNA strands can be precisely constructed for integration into nanostructures of desired shapes and sizes, with excellent stability and biocompatibility. In this review, an account of the wide range of nanostructures composed of DNA sequences and related advances in oncotherapy using aptamers and chemical drugs is given. Functional ligands, including enzymes, antibodies, and agents, have been appended to DNA frameworks based on their external and internal modifiability. Hence, additional functionalities, such as immunogenicity and enzymatic activity, have been obtained, which extend their practical applications. Importantly, aptamers and drugs can be attached to or incorporated into the wireframes, bringing in highly selective targeting and killing abilities for the modified DNA nanostructures (DNs). In conclusion, distinct DNA sequences, various functional molecules, and different interactions and modifications lead to the diversity of DNs. Currently, one of the leading areas is their applications in tumor therapy. But beyond that, DNs should have much wider application prospects. Abstract : DNA nanostructures can be designed to modify with various aptamers, the receptors of which mostly are membrane or transmembrane proteins on target cells. Through the combination with corresponding receptors, these aptamer‐modified DNA nanostructures can enter into the target cells by endocytosis and take their effects with the least risk of side effects.