Regulation of human 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase by pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate: implications for primary hyperoxaluria type-3. Issue 21 (15th November 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Huang, Amadeus; Burke, Julia; Bunker, Richard D.; Mok, Yee-Foong; Griffin, Michael D.; Baker, Edward N.; Loomes, Kerry M.
• Is Part Of: Biochemical journal. Volume 476:Issue 21(2019)
• Page Start: 3369
• Page End: 3383
• Publication Date: 2019-11-15
• Subjects: HOGA1 -- oxaloacetate decarboxylase -- primary hyperoxaluria -- TCA cycle; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; 572
• DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20190548
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-6021

Abstract

Abstract : 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase (HOGA1) is a mitochondrial enzyme that plays a gatekeeper role in hydroxyproline metabolism. Its loss of function in humans causes primary hyperoxaluria type 3 (PH3), a rare condition characterised by excessive production of oxalate. In this study, we investigated the significance of the associated oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity which is also catalysed by HOGA1. Kinetic studies using the recombinant human enzyme (hHOGA1) and active site mutants showed both these dual activities utilise the same catalytic machinery with micromolar substrate affinities suggesting that both are operative in vivo . Biophysical and structural studies showed that pyruvate was a competitive inhibitor with an inhibition constant in the micromolar range. By comparison α-ketoglutarate was a weak inhibitor with an inhibition constant in the millimolar range and could only be isolated as an adduct with the active site Lys196 in the presence of sodium borohydride. These studies suggest that pyruvate inhibits HOGA1 activity during gluconeogenesis. We also propose that loss of HOGA1 function could increase oxalate production in PH3 by decreasing pyruvate availability and metabolic flux through the Krebs cycle.