Analysis of an archaeological linen cloth: The shroud of Arquata. (February 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bruni, S.; Cellamare, C.M.; Di Lazzaro, P.; Gessi, A.; Marghella, G.; Stante, L.
• Is Part Of: Radiation physics and chemistry. Volume 167(2020:Feb.)
• Publication Date: 2020-02
• Subjects: Shroud -- Linen -- OM -- SEM/EDS; Radiation chemistry -- Periodicals; Radiometry -- Periodicals; Radiation -- Periodicals; Chimie sous rayonnement -- Périodiques; 539.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.03.052
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0969-806X

Abstract

Abstract: The linen cloth of the shroud of Arquata, a precious copy of the Shroud of Turin which dates back to 1653, was discovered in 1980 during the restoration works of the St. Francis church in Arquata del Tronto (Ascoli Piceno, Italy). Following the strong earthquake that hit central Italy in August 2016, the church was seriously damaged and it was therefore necessary to secure the shroud in the Cathedral of Ascoli Piceno. A multidisciplinary approach was required in order to evaluate the correct intervention methods that will be performed in the next future: although several investigation techniques were performed on the Arquata shroud, this paper focuses on the combination of two different techniques, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy microanalysis (SEM-EDS). Few samples of fibrils of the linen cloth of the Arquata shroud were analysed, achieving information about their morphology, the surface characteristics, the chemical composition and the possible deterioration phenomena. Light microscopic analyses showed some typical features of the single elementary flax fibre: lumen, dislocations and cross markings (X). SEM-EDS analysis also revealed interesting morphological features of the flax fibrils and the presence of encrustations on their surface, while the microanalysis preformed on the encrustations revealed the presence of calcium, silicon, magnesium, aluminium, sodium, and potassium, due to dust deposits. Moreover, the absence of biological attacks by microorganisms, parasites, moulds or fungi was highlighted. Finally, numerous defects of the surface that could characterise the linen cloth as antique were identified (cross cuts). These results suggested some actions useful for the conservation of the shroud, thus avoiding the use of more invasive methods which could impact the integrity of this precious object of veneration. Highlights: The shroud of Arquata del Tronto is a precious copy of the Turin Shroud. Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis were performed. Information on the necessary actions for long term conservation were achieved. Damages of the surface characterise the linen fibrils as from an antique cloth.