From video games to solar energy: 3D shading simulation for PV using GPU. (15th November 2019) - Robledo, Jesús
Highlights: Use of powerful graphics processing units (GPUs) for solar shading evaluation. Rasterization process used for an in-depth evaluation of the shading dynamics. Application to building-integrated PV (BIPV), urban PV, and PV plants with tracking. GPU-based tool developed in WebGL and fully-integrated into a Web browser. Interactive built-in learning tools for solar energy engineering. Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) systems can be affected by complex shading. Software solutions have been developed over time, offering an ever-increasing set of simulation possibilities to evaluate the energy losses induced by shading on PV systems. Yet, several practical cases cannot be satisfactorily solved by means of existing tools. This study explores the possibilities offered by the powerful graphics processing units (GPUs) that have been developed for the video game industry. It is shown that complex shading problems applicable to PV systems can be satisfactorily analyzed, both visually and quantitatively, with a focus on the rasterization process for an in-depth evaluation of the shading dynamics that affect the direct component of solar irradiance. This analysis can be conducted at high spatiotemporal resolution for maximum accuracy. Its application is illustrated based on several practical cases that are typically encountered in the world of PV systems engineering, such as building-integrated PV (BIPV) on large and complex buildings, urban PV planning, or PV plants equipped with tracking systems and installed on uneven ground. Additional advantages are also presented, including the full integration of the GPU-based shading simulation tool into a Web browser, and the use of online input information.