Functions and regulation of T cell-derived interleukin-10. (August 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Neumann, Christian; Scheffold, Alexander; Rutz, Sascha
• Is Part Of: Seminars in immunology. Volume 44(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-08
• Subjects: IL-10 -- T cell -- Human -- GWAS -- Regulatory T cell -- Transcriptional regulation -- Intestinal homeostasis -- Inflammatory bowel disease -- Tumor -- Autoimmune disease -- Allergy -- c-Maf -- Blimp-1 -- Infection; Immunology -- Periodicals; Allergy and Immunology -- Periodicals; Immunity -- Periodicals; Immunologie -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.079
• DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.101344
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1044-5323

Abstract

Abstract: Interleukin (IL)-10 is an essential anti-inflammatory cytokine and functions as a negative regulator of immune responses to microbial antigens. IL-10 is particularly important in maintaining the intestinal microbe-immune homeostasis. Loss of IL-10 promotes the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as a consequence of an excessive immune response to the gut microbiota. IL-10 also functions more generally to prevent excessive inflammation during the course of infection. Although IL-10 can be produced by virtually all cells of the innate and adaptive immune system, T cells constitute a non-redundant source for IL-10 in many cases. The various roles of T cell-derived IL-10 will be discussed in this review. Given that IL-10 is at the center of maintaining the delicate balance between effective immunity and tissue protection, it is not surprising that IL-10 expression is highly dynamic and tightly regulated. We summarize the environmental signals and molecular pathways that regulate IL-10 expression. While numerous studies have provided us with a deep understanding of IL-10 biology, the majority of findings have been made in murine models, prompting us to highlight gaps in our knowledge about T cell-derived IL-10 in the human system.