An overview of methods to convert cone index to bevameter parameters. (February 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mason, George L.; Salmon, John E.; McLeod, Sheila; Jayakumar, Paramsothy; Cole, Michael P.; Smith, William
• Is Part Of: Journal of terramechanics. Volume 87(2020)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 9
• Publication Date: 2020-02
• Subjects: Cone index -- Conversion application -- Mobility -- Bevameter; Trafficability -- Periodicals; Praticabilité (Routes) -- Périodiques; Trafficability; Periodicals; 629.222
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jterra.2019.10.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-4898

Abstract

Highlights: Equations exist for the conversion of Cone Index to select Bevameter parameters. The Cone index correlation relates to the bearing capacity Bevameter parameters Kc, Kφ, and n. Correlations do not exist between cone index and surface shear parameters c, ϕ. The equations are supported by limited validation in select regional areas of sand and clay. Abstract: This paper reviews experimental methods for the conversion of cone index measurements to bevameter parameters in support of vehicle soil/tire/track interactions for two general soil types, sand and lean clay. The accurate prediction of traction, motion resistance, and sinkage of tire/tracks off-road requires estimates of soil strength. Equipment used in the measurement of soil strength to support predictions of off-road mobility include the bevameter and the cone penetrometer. The portability of the cone penetrometer and rapid estimates of spatial/temporal variability in all terrain conditions make it an invaluable tool. The bevameter, a less portable tool, is used for the mechanical analysis of soils. The bevameter measures parameters defining soil strength in terms of cohesive modulus of soil deformation (kc ), frictional modulus of soil deformation (kφ ), exponent of soil sinkage (n), cohesion (c), angle of internal friction (φ), and the plate pressure at 1 in. (2.54 cm) of penetration (K) (Bekker, 1969 ). The field of terramechanics would greatly benefit from having the ability to convert cone penetrometer data in areas where bevameter parameters are difficult to collect. That ability to convert from cone index to bevameter parameters could be used for the large sets of existing cone index data to support determination of traction and motion resistance. This paper examines those methods for converting cone index to bevameter plate penetration parameters kc, kφ, and n.