Aggressive spiders make the wrong decision in a difficult task. (21st May 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chang, Chia-chen; Lim, Zhi Yun; Klomp, Danielle A; Norma-Rashid, Yusoff; Li, Daiqin
• Is Part Of: Behavioral ecology. Volume 29:Number 4(2018)
• Page Start: 848
• Page End: 854
• Publication Date: 2018-05-21
• Subjects: jumping spider -- personality -- speed–accuracy trade-off -- task difficulty; Animal behavior -- Periodicals; Behavior evolution -- Periodicals; Ecology -- Periodicals; Psychology, Comparative -- Periodicals; 591.5
• DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ary066
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1045-2249

Abstract

Abstract : Aggressive individuals are predicted to make fast but error-prone decisions. However, this relationship does not always hold true. When it comes to decision-making in a specialized spider-eating jumping spider Portia labiata, we found that aggressive spiders make faster decisions than docile spiders, regardless of task difficulty. However, accuracy in decision-making depends on both aggressiveness and task difficulty. Aggressive spiders make more accurate decisions in the simple task, while docile spiders make more accurate decisions in the difficult task. Abstract: Accurate and timely decisions are critical for foraging, predator avoidance, and reproductive success. However, there is often a trade-off between speed and accuracy in decision-making, where individuals that make decisions more quickly make more mistakes. An individual's personality may influence its decision-making style (i.e., whether it errs more in the speed or accuracy of a decision) and this relationship may change depending on contexts. Despite growing research on invertebrate personality, how personality correlates with decision-making style is still largely unknown and little research has assessed these relationships across tasks of varying difficulty. Here, we test the relationship between aggressiveness and decision-making style in Portia labiata, a specialized spider-eating jumping spider, in both a simple and a difficult task. We found that aggressive spiders made fewer directional changes before completing the tasks, regardless of task difficulty. However, decision accuracy was jointly determined by both aggressiveness and task difficulty. Aggressive spiders made more accurate decisions in the simple task, while docile spiders made more accurate decisions in the difficult task. We conclude that the relationship between personality and decision-making style in P. labiata is context dependent. We also discuss how the association between aggressiveness and decision-making style may serve important functions in maintaining behavioral variation in a natural population.