Minority resistant variants are also present in HIV-2-infected antiretroviral-naive patients. (3rd February 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Storto, Alexandre; Visseaux, Benoit; Bertine, Mélanie; Le Hingrat, Quentin; Collin, Gilles; Damond, Florence; Khuong, Marie-Aude; Blum, Laurent; Tubiana, Roland; Karmochkine, Marina; Cazanave, Charles; Matheron, Sophie; Descamps, Diane; Charpentier, Charlotte
• Is Part Of: Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. Volume 73:Number 5(2018)
• Page Start: 1173
• Page End: 1176
• Publication Date: 2018-02-03
• Subjects: Anti-infective agents -- Periodicals; Chemotherapy -- Periodicals; 615.58
• DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx530
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0305-7453

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the prevalence of minority resistant variants (MRV) and X4-tropic minority variants in ART-naive HIV-2-infected patients. Patients and methods: ART-naive HIV-2-infected patients with detectable plasma viral load (>100 copies/mL) included in the ANRS HIV-2 CO5 Cohort were assessed. We performed ultra-deep sequencing (UDS) of protease, RT, integrase and gp105 regions. Only mutations in the HIV-2 ANRS list >1% were considered. HIV-2 tropism was assessed by V3 loop region UDS, and each read was interpreted with determinants of CXCR4-coreceptor use. Results: Among the 47 patients assessed, three displayed plasma viruses with a resistance-associated mutation (RAM) above the 20% detection threshold, all in RT, resulting in a prevalence of transmitted drug resistance for NRTI of 7.9% (95% CI 0.0%–16.5%). No RAM above the 20% detection threshold was found in protease or integrase. At the 1% detection threshold the transmitted drug resistance prevalence was 9.8% (95% CI 0.6%–19.0%), 13.2% (95% CI 3.5%–22.9%) and 4.5% (95% CI 0%–17.5%) for PI, NRTI and integrase inhibitors. The most prevalent MRV was the PI RAM I50V detected in three samples. Tropism analysis showed that 21% of patients (4 of 19) exhibited X4-tropic viruses: two in majority proportion and two in minority proportions (1.5% and 1.9%). Conclusions: In this first study assessing the prevalence of MRV in HIV-2 infection among ART-naive patients, we observed a 2–3-fold higher prevalence of RAM when a 1% detection threshold of mutations was used compared with a 20% threshold. Similarly, the proportion of patients with X4-tropic viruses was twice as high when UDS was used.