Efficient data-driven geologic feature characterization from pre-stack seismic measurements using randomized machine learning algorithm. Issue 3 (18th September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lin, Youzuo; Wang, Shusen; Thiagarajan, Jayaraman; Guthrie, George; Coblentz, David
• Is Part Of: Geophysical journal international. Volume 215:Issue 3(2018:Dec.)
• Page Start: 1900
• Page End: 1913
• Publication Date: 2018-09-18
• Subjects: Inverse Theory -- Numerical Solutions -- Computational Seismology -- Neural Networks; Geophysics -- Periodicals; 550
• DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggy385
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-540X

Abstract

SUMMARY: Conventional seismic techniques for detecting the subsurface geologic features are challenged by limited data coverage, computational inefficiency and subjective human factors. We developed a novel data-driven geological feature characterization approach based on pre-stack seismic measurements. Our characterization method employs an efficient and accurate machine learning method to extract useful subsurface geologic features automatically. Specifically, we use kernel ridge regression to account for the nonlinear relationship between seismic data and geological features. We further employ kernel tricks to avoid the explicit nonlinear mapping and infinite dimension of feature space. However, the conventional kernel ridge regression can be computationally prohibitive because of the large volume of seismic measurements. We employ a data reduction technique in combination with the conventional kernel ridge regression method to improve the computational efficiency and reduce memory usage. In particular, we utilize a randomized numerical linear algebra technique, named Nyström method, to effectively reduce the dimensionality of the feature space without compromising the information content required for accurate characterization. We provide thorough computational cost analysis to show the efficiency of our new geological feature characterization methods. We validate the performance of our method in characterizing geologic fault zones because faults play an important role in various subsurface applications. Our numerical examples demonstrate that our new characterization method significantly improves the computational efficiency while maintaining comparable accuracy. Interestingly, we show that our method yields a speedup ratio on the order of ∼10 2 to ∼10 3 in a multicore computational environment.