Comparison of dietary patterns, food groups, nutrients intake, cardio-metabolic biomarkers, and liver enzymes in successful and unsuccessful weight loss maintainers. (December 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shariaty, Sara; Bahonaran, Amirhossein; Ayremlou, Parvin; Hoseinalizdeh, Lida; Alizadeh, Mohammad
• Is Part Of: Obesity medicine. Volume 16(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-12
• Subjects: Body weight maintenance -- Dietary pattern -- Nutrients -- Blood lipids -- Liver enzymes; Obesity -- Periodicals; Obesity; Obesity; Periodicals; Periodicals; 616.398005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2019.100147
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2451-8476

Abstract

Abstract: Purpose: Compare dietary patterns, food groups, nutrients intake, cardio-metabolic risk factors, and liver enzymes between female weight loss maintainers and regainers. Methods: The present study was conducted using a case-control design on 263 participants. Cases and controls were matched regarding sex, ethnicity, and family history of obesity. Three 24-h dietary recalls were used to extract the usual dietary intake and major dietary patterns; the three-factor eating questionnaire was administered to evaluate the dietary habits; and blood sampling was performed to evaluate fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, and liver enzymes. Results: In total, three major dietary patterns were identified: Mediterranean-like dietary pattern, high-fat-high-carbohydrate (HFHC) dietary pattern, and Iranian traditional dietary pattern. Higher adherence to the Mediterranean-like and Iranian traditional dietary patterns increased the odds of success in weight loss maintenance (P-value<0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The HFHC dietary pattern was associated with lower success in weight loss (P-value<0.001). Maintainers had lower daily energy and carbohydrate intake (P-value<0.001), but not lower fiber, calcium and folate (P-value >0.05); even in the maintainers the calories percent from protein was higher than regainers (P-value <0.001). Longer duration of weight loss period (P-value<0.001), and combination of diet and exercise method in weight loss (P-value = 0.028) were more frequent and attempts for weight loss (P-value<0.001) was less frequent among maintainers compared to regainers. Participants with successful weight loss had significantly lower fasting blood sugar and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels after adjusted for confounding factors (P-value<0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Conclusion: Results indicated a higher healthy dietary patterns and lower adherence to unhealthy dietary patterns and different intake of food groups and nutrients in maintainers compared to regainers. Highlights: Higher adherence to the Mediterranean-like and Iranian traditional dietary patterns increased the odds of success in weight loss maintenance. In the maintainers the calories percent from protein was higher than regainers. Attempts for weight loss was less frequent among maintainers compared to regainers. Participants with successful weight loss had significantly lower fasting blood sugar and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels.