Dual Function of Magnesium in Bone Biomineralization. Issue 21 (4th October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Jinglun; Tang, Lin; Qi, Haoning; Zhao, Qin; Liu, Yan; Zhang, Yufeng
• Is Part Of: Advanced healthcare materials. Volume 8:Issue 21(2019)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2019-10-04
• Subjects: bone biomineralization -- bone offspring -- embryo development -- magnesium; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901030
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2192-2640

Abstract

Abstract: Magnesium (Mg 2+ ), as a main component of bone, is widely applied to promote bone growth and regeneration. However, Mg 2+ can chemically inhibit the crystallization of amorphous calcium phosphate into hydroxyapatite (HA). The underlying mechanisms by which Mg 2+ improves bone biomineralization remain elusive. Here, it is demonstrated that Mg 2+ plays dual roles in bone biomineralization from a developmental perspective. During embryonic development, the Mg 2+ concentration is enriched in the early stage from embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5) to E15.5, but gradually decreases to a stable state in the late phase, after E15.5. Appropriate concentrations of Mg 2+ can promote the mineralization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, while excessive Mg 2+ impairs their osteogenesis. The earlier the Mg 2+ is added, the stronger the observed inhibition of mineralization. In particular, less Mg 2+ is present in fully mineralized collagen than in poorly mineralized collagen. Furthermore, a high concentration of Mg 2+ changes the crystalline morphology of HA and inhibits collagen calcification. Functionally, a high‐Mg 2+ diet inhibits bone biomineralization in mouse offspring. Taken together, the results suggest that appropriate regulation of Mg 2+ concentration over time is vital for normal biomineralization. This study is significant for the future design of bone substitutes and implants associated with Mg 2+ content. Abstract : Magnesium is an important element in bones. However, there is a paradox that increased magnesium concentrations decrease the crystallinity of hydroxyapatite (HA), while magnesium alloys are conducive to bone regeneration in vivo. Herein, it is demonstrated that magnesium plays dual roles in biomineralization from developmental perspective and appropriate regulation of magnesium concentration over time is vital for normal biomineralization.