Lowering dietary cation-anion difference increases sow blood and milk calcium concentrations. (26th April 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Guo, Ji Yao; Pasquetti, Tiago Junior; Kim, Sung Woo
• Is Part Of: Journal of animal science. Volume 97:Number 7(2019)
• Page Start: 2927
• Page End: 2939
• Publication Date: 2019-04-26
• Subjects: acid-base equilibrium -- calcium -- dietary cation-anion difference -- sow; Livestock -- Periodicals; Livestock; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 636.005
• DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz146
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0021-8812

Abstract

Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding an acidogenic diet with a low dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD ) on acid-base balance, blood, milk, and urine Ca concentrations of sows during lactation. A total of 30 multiparous sows (parity: 4.5 ± 2.9, Smithfield Premium Genetic, Rose Hill, NC) were allotted to 1 of 2 dietary treatments: CON (control diets were corn-soybean meal based with a calculated DCAD of 170 and 226 mEq/kg during late gestation and lactation, respectively) or ACI (acidogenic diets had a DCAD 100 mEq/kg lower than the control diets). The lower DCAD was achieved by the addition of an acidogenic mineral. The DCAD was calculated as mEq (Na + K – Cl)/kg diet. Sows had a daily access to 2-kg feed from day 94 of gestation to parturition and ad libitum access to feed during lactation. Blood and urine pH and Ca, serum macrominerals, serum biochemistry, Ca-regulating hormones, and milk composition were measured. Sows in ACI had a lower ( P < 0.05) blood pH than sows in CON at day 1 of lactation. Sows in ACI had a lower ( P < 0.05) urine pH at day 108 of gestation, days 1, 9, and 18 of lactation compared with sows in CON. Sows in ACI had greater ( P < 0.05) concentrations of serum total Ca at days 1 and 18 of lactation than sows in CON. There was a greater ( P < 0.05) concentration of colostrum Ca in ACI than in CON. There was no difference in urine Ca concentration between treatments during lactation. Concentrations of parathyroid hormone and 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol were not different between treatments at either day 1 or 18 of lactation. Sows in ACI tended to have a smaller ( P = 0.086) concentration of total alkaline phosphatase in serum at day 18 of lactation compared with sows in CON. At day 1 of lactation, the concentration of serum Cl in ACI was greater ( P < 0.05) than that in CON. Feed intake, BW loss, and litter performance were not different between treatments. Collectively, feeding an acidogenic diet with a low DCAD to sows can induce a mild metabolic acidosis at farrowing, reduce the urine pH consistently, and increase serum total Ca and colostrum Ca concentrations during lactation but without altering the parathyroid hormone and 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol levels during lactation.