Increased Patient Activation Is Associated with Fewer Emergency Room Visits and Hospitalizations for Pain in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease. Issue 8 (16th October 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cronin, Robert M; Dorner, Tim Lucas; Utrankar, Amol; Allen, Whitney; Rodeghier, Mark; Kassim, Adetola A; Jackson, Gretchen Purcell; DeBaun, Michael R
• Is Part Of: Pain medicine. Volume 20:Issue 8(2019)
• Page Start: 1464
• Page End: 1471
• Publication Date: 2018-10-16
• Subjects: Sickle Cell Disease -- Patient Activation -- Acute Pain -- Health Care Utilization -- Hospitalizations -- Vaso-occlusive Pain Episodes -- Self-Efficacy -- Chronic Care Model; Pain -- Periodicals; Pain -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Analgesics -- Periodicals; Pain -- Periodicals; Pain Management -- Periodicals; Douleur -- Périodiques; Douleur -- Traitement -- Périodiques; Analgésiques -- Périodiques; Analgésique; Soulagement de la douleur; Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); 616.047205
• DOI: 10.1093/pm/pny194
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1526-2375

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: Recurrent vaso-occlusive pain episodes, the most common complication of sickle cell disease (SCD), cause frequent health care utilization. Studies exploring associations between patient activation and acute health care utilization for pain are lacking. We tested the hypothesis that increased activation and self-efficacy are associated with decreased health care utilization for pain in SCD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study of adults with SCD at a tertiary medical center, we collected demographics, SCD phenotype, Patient Activation Measure levels, and self-efficacy scores using structured questionnaires. We reviewed charts to obtain disease-modifying therapy and acute health care utilization, defined as emergency room visits and hospitalizations, for vaso-occlusive pain episodes. Negative binomial regression analyses were used to test the hypothesis. Results: We surveyed 67 adults with SCD. The median age was 27.0 years, 53.7% were female, and 95.5% were African American. Median health care utilization for pain over one year (range) was 2.0 (0–24). Only one-third of participants (38.8%) were at the highest activation level (median [range] = 3 [1–4]). Two-thirds (65.7%) of participants had high self-efficacy (median [range] = 32.0 [13–45]). Regressions showed significant association between health care utilization and activation (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.663, P = 0.045), self-efficacy (IRR = 0.947, P = 0.038), and male sex (IRR = 0.390, P = 0.003). Two outliers with high activation, self-efficacy, and health care utilization also had addictive behavior. Conclusions: Many individuals with SCD have suboptimal activation and reduced self-efficacy. Higher activation and self-efficacy were associated with lower health care utilization for pain. Additional studies are needed to evaluate interventions to improve activation and self-efficacy and reduce acute health care utilization for pain.