Structural basis for species‐specific activation of mouse Toll‐like receptor 9. Issue 15 (13th July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ishida, Hanako; Ohto, Umeharu; Shibata, Takuma; Miyake, Kensuke; Shimizu, Toshiyuki
• Is Part Of: FEBS letters. Volume 592:Issue 15(2018)
• Page Start: 2636
• Page End: 2646
• Publication Date: 2018-07-13
• Subjects: crystal structure -- innate immunity -- pathogen‐associated molecular pattern -- toll‐like receptor -- X‐ray crystallography; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Biophysics -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Biochemistry; Biophysics; Molecular biology; Periodicals; 572.05
• DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13176
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0014-5793

Abstract

Abstract : Single‐stranded DNA containing unmethylated cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine (CpG) motifs derived from microorganisms are recognized by Toll‐like receptor (TLR) 9 and activate an innate immune response. TLR9 has two DNA‐binding sites for CpG DNA and DNA containing cytosine at the second position from the 5′‐end; both are required for efficient TLR9 activation in most vertebrate species. However, mouse TLR9 can be dimerized by CpG DNA only, although the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report the crystal structure of mouse TLR9 complexed with both DNAs. Although most TLR9‐CpG DNA interactions are conserved among species, some are unique to mice and involved in species‐specificity. These findings provide the structural basis for how mouse TLR9 dimerizes efficiently in response to CpG DNA to activate innate immunity. Abstract :