Genetic and antigenic relationship of foot–and–mouth disease virus serotype O isolates with the vaccine strain O1/BFS. Issue 26 (18th June 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Xu, Wanhong; Zhang, Zhidong; Nfon, Charles; Yang, Ming
• Is Part Of: Vaccine. Volume 36:Issue 26(2018)
• Page Start: 3802
• Page End: 3808
• Publication Date: 2018-06-18
• Subjects: Foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O -- Antigenic site -- Antigenic variation -- Sequence and phenotypic analysis -- Virus evolution; Vaccines -- Periodicals; 615.372
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.045
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-410X

Abstract

Highlights: O1/BFS showed similarity with 89% of the field isolates during 1994–2011. Three isolates with low r1 demonstrated amino acid substitutions at antigenic sites. Eight positively selected amino acid sites were identified. Five of these eight sites were located within or near the known antigenic sites. Phylogenetic, molecular and antigenic analyses could improve vaccine strain selection. Abstract: Foot–and–mouth disease serotype O viruses (FMDV/O) are responsible for the most outbreaks in FMD endemic countries. O1/BFS is one of the recommended FMD/O vaccine strains by World Reference Laboratory for FMD. In the current study, FMDV/O1 BFS vaccine strain and serotype O field isolates (45) were analyzed phylogenetically and antigenically to gain more insight into the genetic and antigenic characteristics of the vaccine strain and field isolates. O1/BFS showed similarity with 89% of the field isolates using a virus neutralization test (VNT). The P1 region encoding the FMDV capsid was sequenced and analysed for 46 strains of FMDV/O. Phylogenetic analysis showed these viruses originated from five continents and covered eight of 11 reported topotypes. Five isolates that demonstrated low antigenic similarities with O1/BFS were analyzed for their antigenic variation at the known neutralizing antigenic sites. Three of the five isolates demonstrated unique amino acid substitutions at various antigenic sites. No unique amino acid substitutions were observed for the other two unmatched isolates. Positively selected residues were identified on the surface of the FMD virus capsid supporting that it is important to continuously monitor field isolates for their antigenic and phenotypic changes. In conclusion, the vaccine strain O1/BFS is likely to confer protection against 89% of the 45 FMDV/O isolates based on VNT. Thus O1/BFS vaccine strain is still suitable for use in global FMD serotype O outbreak control. Combining data from phylogenetic, molecular and antigenic analysis can provide improvements in the process of vaccine selection.