Suicides in Young People in Ontario Following the Release of "13 Reasons Why". (November 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sinyor, Mark; Williams, Marissa; Tran, Ulrich S.; Schaffer, Ayal; Kurdyak, Paul; Pirkis, Jane; Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas
• Is Part Of: Canadian journal of psychiatry =. Volume 64:Number 11(2019)
• Page Start: 798
• Page End: 804
• Publication Date: 2019-11
• Subjects: suicide -- contagion -- Werther effect -- youth -- 13 Reasons Why; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Psychiatry -- Canada -- Periodicals; 616.8900971
• DOI: 10.1177/0706743719870507
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0706-7437

Abstract

Objective: "13 Reasons Why, " a Netflix series, included a controversial depiction of suicide that has raised fears about possible contagion. Studies of youth suicide in the United States found an increase on the order of 10% following release of the show, but this has not been replicated in other countries. This study aims to begin to address that gap by examining the relationship between the show's release and youth suicide in Canada's most populous province. Methods: Suicides in young people (under the age of 30) in the province of Ontario following the show's release on March 31, 2017, were the outcome of interest. Time-series analyses were performed using data from January 2013 to March 2017 to predict expected deaths from April to December 2017 with a simple seasonal model (stationary R 2 = 0.732, Ljung-Box Q = 15.1, df = 16, P = 0.52, Bayesian information criterion = 3.09) providing the best fit/used for the primary analysis. Results: Modeling predicted 224 suicides; however, 264 were observed corresponding to 40 more deaths or an 18% increase. In the primary analysis, monthly suicides exceeded the 95% confidence limit for 3 of the 9 months (May, July, and October). Conclusion: The statistical strength of the findings here is limited by small numbers; however, the results are in line with what has been observed in the United States and what would be expected if contagion were occurring. Further research in other locations is needed to increase confidence that the associations found here are causal.