Endoreplication as a potential driver of cell wall modifications. (October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bhosale, Rahul; Maere, Steven; De Veylder, Lieven
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in plant biology. Volume 51(2019)
• Page Start: 58
• Page End: 65
• Publication Date: 2019-10
• Subjects: Plant molecular biology -- Periodicals; 571.205
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.04.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1369-5266

Abstract

Highlights: A DNA endoploidy map of the Arabidopsis root reveals a strict spatio-temporal regulation of endoreplication. Endoreplication is prominent in tissues that require a rapid increase in cell wall materials, such as root hairs and xylem. Endoreplication-dependent cell wall modifications might account for the pathogen sensitivity of ploidy mutants. Endocycle onset correlates with expression of cell wall-modifying genes that drive cell expansion. Abstract : Endoreplication represents a variant of the mitotic cell cycle during which cells replicate their DNA without mitosis and/or cytokinesis, resulting in an increase in the cells' ploidy level. This process is especially prominent in higher plants, where it has been correlated with cell differentiation, metabolic output and rapid cell growth. However, different reports argue against a ploidy-dependent contribution to cell growth. Here, we review accumulating data suggesting that endocycle onset might exert an effect on cell growth through transcriptional control of cell wall-modifying genes to drive cell wall changes required to accommodate turgor-driven rapid cell expansion, consistent with the idea that vacuolar expansion rather than a ploidy-driven increase in cellular volume represents the major force driving cell growth.