Plasmodium vivax Relapse Rates Following Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Reflect Previous Transmission Intensity. (29th January 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ashley, Elizabeth A; Phyo, Aung Pyae; Carrara, Verena I; Tun, Kyaw Myo; Nosten, Francois; Smithuis, Frank; White, Nicholas J
• Is Part Of: Journal of infectious diseases. Volume 220:Number 1(2019)
• Page Start: 100
• Page End: 104
• Publication Date: 2019-01-29
• Subjects: Malaria -- P. vivax -- P. falciparum -- relapse; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Diseases -- Causes and theories of causation -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz052
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1899

Abstract

Abstract: From 2003 through 2009, 687 of 2885 patients (23.8%) treated for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in clinical studies in Myanmar or on the Thailand-Myanmar border had recurrent Plasmodium vivax malaria within 63 days, compared with 18 of 429 patients (4.2%) from 2010 onward (risk ratio [RR], 0.176; 95% confidence interval, .112–.278; P < .0001). Corresponding data from 42 days of follow-up revealed that 820 of 3883 patients (21.1%) had recurrent P. vivax malaria before 2010, compared with 22 of 886 (2.5%) from 2010 onward (RR, 0.117; 95% CI, .077–.177; P < .0001). This 6-fold reduction suggests a recent decline in P. vivax transmission intensity and, thus, a substantial reduction in the proportion of individuals harboring hypnozoites. Abstract : Before 2010, 687 of 2885 patients treated for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Myanmar had recurrent Plasmodium vivax malaria within 63 days, compared with 18 of 429 from 2010 onward. This 6-fold reduction suggests a recent substantial decline in P. vivax transmission and consequent hypnozoite carriage.