Treatment of Critical‐Sized Calvarial Defects in Rats with Preimplanted Transplants. Issue 18 (15th August 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Charbonnier, Baptiste; Abdulla, Mohamed; Gorgy, Andrew; Shash, Hani; Zhang, Zishuai; Gbureck, Uwe; Harvey, Ed; Makhoul, Nicholas; Gilardino, Mirko; Barralet, Jake
• Is Part Of: Advanced healthcare materials. Volume 8:Issue 18(2019)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2019-08-15
• Subjects: bioceramics -- bones -- cranial -- grafts -- transplants; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900722
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2192-2640

Abstract

Abstract: The local environment and the defect features have made the skull one of the most difficult regions to repair. Finding alternative strategies to repair large cranial defects, thereby avoiding the current limitations of autograft or polymeric and ceramic prostheses constitute an unmet need. In this study, the regeneration of an 8 mm critical‐sized calvarial defect treated by autograft or by a monetite scaffold directly placed in the defect or preimplanted (either cranial bone transplant or subcutaneous pocket) and then transplanted within the bone defect is compared. The data reveal that transplantation of preimplanted monetite transplant scaffolds greatly improves the skull vault closure compared to subcutaneously preimplanted or directly placed materials. Autografts, while clearly filling the defect volume with bone appear effective since bone volume inside the defect volume is obviously high, but are not well fused to the skull. The preimplantation site has a large influence on the regeneration of the defect. Transplantation of induced bone inside materials has the potential to reduce the need for autograft harvest without damaging the skeleton. This first demonstration indicates that cranial repair may be possible without recourse to bioactives or cultured cell therapies. Abstract : An alternative strategy for the autologous grafting of critical‐sized cranial defects is investigated and compared to the current standard of care. This approach, based on the induction of bone formation within a material during a preimplantation step, may have the potential to remove the need for harvesting grafts from healthy bone by inducing transplantable bone in onlay grafts.