Novel methods to diagnose leptomeningeal metastases in breast cancer. Issue 4 (10th November 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Angus, Lindsay; Martens, John W M; van den Bent, Martin J; Sillevis Smitt, Peter A E; Sleijfer, Stefan; Jager, Agnes
• Is Part Of: Neuro-oncology. Volume 21:Issue 4(2019)
• Page Start: 428
• Page End: 439
• Publication Date: 2018-11-10
• Subjects: biomarkers -- breast cancer -- cerebrospinal fluid -- leptomeningeal metastases; Brain Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Brain -- Tumors -- Periodicals; Brain -- Cancer -- Periodicals; Nervous system -- Cancer -- Periodicals; 616.99481
• DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy186
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1522-8517

Abstract

Abstract: Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) in breast cancer patients are rare but often accompanied by devastating neurological symptoms and carry a very poor prognosis, even if treated. To date, two diagnostic methods are clinically used to diagnose LM: gadolinium MRI of the brain and/or spinal cord and cytological examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Both techniques are, however, hampered by limited sensitivities, often leading to a long diagnostic process requiring repeated lumbar punctures and MRI examinations. To improve the detection rate of LM, numerous studies have assessed new techniques. In this review, we present the current workup to diagnose LM, set out an overview of novel techniques to diagnose LM, and give recommendations for future research.