Dried plum polyphenolic extract combined with vitamin K and potassium restores trabecular and cortical bone in osteopenic model of postmenopausal bone loss. (March 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Graef, Jennifer L.; Ouyang, Ping; Wang, Yan; Rendina-Ruedy, Elizabeth; Lerner, Megan R.; Marlow, Denver; Lucas, Edralin A.; Smith, Brenda J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 42(2018)
• Page Start: 262
• Page End: 270
• Publication Date: 2018-03
• Subjects: BMD bone mineral density -- TRAP-5b tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b -- Dpd deoxypyridinoline -- Runx2 runt-related transcription factor 2 -- BMP bone morphogenetic protein -- OVX ovariectomized -- DP dried plum -- CON control diet -- PP polyphenols -- K+ potassium -- VitK vitamin K -- DXA dual X-ray absorptiometry -- BMA bone mineral area -- BMC bone mineral content -- BV/TV bone volume per total volume -- TbN trabecular number -- TbTh trabecular thickness -- TbSp trabecular separation -- ConnDens connectivity density -- SMI structural model index; Dried plum -- Polyphenols -- Bone -- Estrogen deficiency -- Aging; Caffeic acid (PubChem CID: 689, 043) -- 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (PubChem CID: 5, 280, 633) -- 4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (PubChem CID: 12, 305, 664) -- 3-Caffeoylquinic acid (PubChem CID: 71, 314, 735) -- Gallic acid (PubChem CID: 370) -- p-coumaric acid (PubChem CID: 637, 542) -- Rutin (PubChem CID: 5, 280, 805); Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.057
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Dried plum polyphenol (PP) extract benefits trabecular and cortical bone. Some bone parameters improved when vitamin K and potassium combined with PP. PP extract accounts for up to 80% of the bone anabolic response. Dried plum bioactives counter bone loss in aging, estrogen-deficient model. Abstract: Dried plum has unique anabolic effects on bone, but the responsible bioactive components have remained unclear. This study investigated components of dried plum with potential osteoprotective activity utilizing aged, osteopenic Sprague Dawley rats fed diets supplemented with a crude polyphenol extract, potassium, vitamin K or their combination. Whole body and femoral bone mineral density were restored with the polyphenol and combination treatments to a similar extent as the dried fruit. The combination treatment reversed trabecular bone loss in the spine and cortical bone in the femur mid-diaphysis in a similar manner. Biomarkers of bone resorption were reduced by the polyphenol and combination treatments. The polyphenol extract accounted for most of the anabolic effect of dried plum on bone. This study is the first to show the bioactive components in dried plum responsible for restoring bone in vivo.