Positive airway pressure in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. (August 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Parmar, Arpita; Baker, Adele; Narang, Indra
• Is Part Of: Paediatric respiratory reviews. Volume 31(2019)
• Page Start: 43
• Page End: 51
• Publication Date: 2019-08
• Subjects: Positive airway pressure -- Obstructive sleep apnea -- Children -- Pediatrics; Pediatric respiratory diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory Tract Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory Therapy -- Periodicals; Child -- Periodicals; Appareil respiratoire -- Infections, chez l'enfant -- Périodiques; Appareil respiratoire -- Maladies, chez l'enfant -- Périodiques; 618.922
• DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2019.04.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1526-0542

Abstract

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by snoring, recurrent obstruction (apneas) of the upper airway which disrupts normal ventilation during sleep. In the last decade, there has been a increase in children diagnosed with persistent, severe OSA attributed to (1) the obesity epidemic as 25–60% of obese children will have obesity related OSA (2) advances in medical technology that have increased life expectancy of medically complex children (3) improved diagnostics and (4) increased awareness. Positive airway pressure (PAP) is commonly used to treat persistent, severe OSA. PAP devices deliver pressurized air via nasal or oronasal interfaces to distend the upper airway and ameliorate OSA. Although effective in treating OSA, PAP adherence is suboptimal. This review article provides an overview of (1) PAP use in pediatric OSA (2) PAP devices (3) PAP adherence, (4) strategies and interventions to improve adherence and (5) Optimizing PAP delivery during pediatric to adult transition.