Dihydro-sphingosine 1-phosphate interacts with carrier proteins in a manner distinct from that of sphingosine 1-phosphate. Issue 5 (31st October 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mishima, Yuko; Kurano, Makoto; Kobayashi, Tamaki; Nishikawa, Masako; Ohkawa, Ryunosuke; Tozuka, Minoru; Yatomi, Yutaka
• Is Part Of: Bioscience reports. Volume 38:Issue 5(2018)
• Publication Date: 2018-10-31
• Subjects: apolipoprotein M -- dihydro-sphingosine 1-phosphate -- HDL -- sphingosine 1-phosphate; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; 572.8
• DOI: 10.1042/BSR20181288
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8463

Abstract

Abstract : Dihydro-sphingosine 1-phosphate (DH-S1P) is an analog of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), which is a potent lysophospholipid mediator. DH-S1P has been proposed to exert physiological properties similar to S1P. Although S1P is known to be carried on HDL via apolipoprotein M (apoM), the association between DH-S1P and HDL/apoM has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to elucidate this association and to compare it with that of S1P and HDL/apoM. First, we investigated the distributions of S1P and DH-S1P among lipoproteins and lipoprotein-depleted fractions in human serum and plasma samples and observed that both S1P and DH-S1P were detected on HDL; furthermore, elevated amounts of DH-S1P in serum samples were distributed to the lipoprotein-depleted fraction to a greater degree than to the HDL fraction. Concordantly, a preference for HDL over albumin was only observed for S1P, and not for DH-S1P, when the molecules were secreted from platelets. Regarding the association with HDL, although both S1P and DH-S1P prefer to bind to HDL, HDL preferentially accepts S1P over DH-S1P. For the association with apoM, S1P was not detected on HDL obtained from apoM knockout mice, while DH-S1P was detected. Moreover, apoM retarded the degradation of S1P, but not of DH-S1P. These results suggest that S1P binds to HDL via apoM, while DH-S1P binds to HDL in a non-specific manner. Thus, DH-S1P is not a mere analog of S1P and might possess unique clinical significance.