Surface characterization of sulfated zirconia and its catalytic activity for epoxidation reaction of castor oil. Issue 12 (2nd December 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yuan, Hong; Dong, Zhaoyang; He, Jie; Wang, Yunjie; Zhang, Hong
• Is Part Of: Chemical engineering communications. Volume 206:Issue 12(2019)
• Page Start: 1618
• Page End: 1627
• Publication Date: 2019-12-02
• Subjects: BET -- Epoxidation -- FTIR -- NH3-TPD -- SEM -- SO42−/ZrO2 -- XRD; Chemical engineering -- Periodicals; 660.205
• DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1560274
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0098-6445

Abstract

Abstract: The solid acid catalysts SO4 2− /ZrO2 were prepared by impregnation technique at different calcination temperatures. The surface characterizations were carried out by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programed desorption of NH3 (NH3 -TPD), and N2 -BET. The SEM results showed that the size of the SO4 2− /ZrO2 was not uniform and varied from about 1 to 20 µm. The characteristic peaks in FTIR spectra were essentially the same within the calcination temperature range of 400–700 °C. The XRD results indicated that the transition temperature from amorphous to tetragonal phase was up to 500 °C. The strong acid and superacid sites of the samples could be observed by the NH3 -TPD results. The largest BET surface area was 140 m 2 /g, when the calcination temperature was at 500 °C, and all the pore size distributions belong to mesoporous range. The solid acid SO4 2− /ZrO2 was used for the epoxidation of castor oil. When the calcination temperature of SO4 2− /ZrO2 was 600 °C, reaction temperature 45 °C, and reaction time 8 h, the reaction effect was better with an iodine value of 33.0 ± 1.6 g/100 g and an epoxy value of 2.45 ± 0.11 mol/100 g.