Polyethylenimine-alginate nanocomposites based bone morphogenetic protein 2 gene-activated matrix for alveolar bone regeneration. Issue 46 (28th August 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jin, Han; Liu, Zhongshuang; Li, Wei; Jiang, Zhuling; Li, Ying; Zhang, Bin
• Is Part Of: RSC advances. Volume 9:Issue 46(2019)
• Page Start: 26598
• Page End: 26608
• Publication Date: 2019-08-28
• Subjects: Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540.5
• DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05164c
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2046-2069

Abstract

Abstract : Polyethylenimine-alginate nanocomposites based bone morphogenetic protein 2 gene-activated matrix may provide an easy and valuable method for alveolar ridge regeneration. Abstract : The repair and treatment of lost or damaged alveolar bone is of great significance in dentistry. Gene-activated matrix (GAM) technology provides a new way for bone regeneration. It is a local gene delivery system, which can not only recruit cells, but also influence their fate. For this purpose, we fabricated a bone morphogenetic protein 2 ( BMP-2 ) gene-loaded absorbable gelatin sponge (AGS) and studied its effect on promoting alveolar bone formation and preventing resorption following tooth extraction in rats. In order to obtain better transfection efficiency, polyethylenimine-alginate (PEI-al) nanocomposites were synthesized and used as gene vectors to deliver BMP-2 cDNA plasmids (PEI-al/pBMP-2). The transfection efficiency, BMP-2 protein expression and osteogenic differentiation of the cells were investigated in vitro . In vivo, we established an alveolar bone regeneration model by extracting the rats' left mandibular incisors. The rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: control group, unfilled sockets; AGS group, sockets filled with PEI-al solution-loaded gelatin sponges; AGS/BMP group, sockets filled with PEI-al/pBMP-2 solution-loaded gelatin sponge. Radiological and histological assays were performed at 4 and 8 weeks later. In vitro transfection assays indicated that PEI-al/pBMP-2 complexes could effectively transfect MC3T3-E1 cells, promoting the secretion of BMP-2 protein for at least 14 days, as well as increasing the expression of osteogenesis-related gene, ALP activity and calcium deposition. In vivo, western blot analysis showed BMP-2 protein was expressed in bone tissues of AGS/BMP group. The relative height of the residual alveolar ridge and bone mineral density (BMD) of the AGS/BMP group were significantly greater than those in the AGS and control groups at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Histological examination showed that, at 4 weeks, osteoblasts had grown in a cubic shape around the new bone in the AGS/BMP group, suggesting new bone formation. In conclusion, the combination of PEI-al/pBMP-2 complexes and gelatin sponge could promote alveolar bone regeneration, which may provide an easy and valuable method for alveolar ridge preservation and augmentation.