Simultaneous bilateral pneumothorax in an immunocompromised HIV patient with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. (2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Matesanz López, Cristina; Cardona Arias, Andrés Felipe; Río Ramírez, María Teresa; Díaz Ibero, Gonzalo; Rodríguez Álvarez, Sergio Julio; Juretschke Moragues, María Antonia
• Is Part Of: Respiratory medicine case reports. Volume 25(2018)
• Page Start: 147
• Page End: 149
• Publication Date: 2018
• Subjects: Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Chest -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory Tract Diseases -- Periodicals; Respiratory System -- Periodicals; Chest -- Diseases; Respiratory organs -- Diseases; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2018.08.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-0071

Abstract

Abstract: Pneumocystis in humans is caused by a unicellular and eukaryotic organism called P. jirovecii . The overall incidence of P. jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) has decreased with the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy and the use of chemoprophylaxis with trimethroprim sulfametoxazole (TMP/SMX) in cases of immunosuppressed patients. However, approximately 85% of patients with advanced HIV infections continue to experience this disease with inadequate management. Pneumocystis infection can present with spontaneous pneumothorax in 2–6% of cases [8] which can be a potentially fatal complication. We report the case of a 32-year-old man presented with P. jirovecii pneumonia who developed cystic lesions and spontaneous bilateral pneumothorax in spite of TMP/SMX treatment. We consider it an interesting clinical case because few simultaneous bilateral pneumothorax cases have been described directly related to the PCP.