Tracking pollutants in dietary fish oil: From ocean to table. (September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Sheng-Xiang; Hua, Xue-Ming; Deng, Yun-Yun; Zhang, Yun-Ni; Li, Jia-Min; Wu, Zhao; Limbu, Samwel Mchele; Lu, Da-Sheng; Yin, Hao-Wen; Wang, Guo-Quan; Waagbø, Rune; Frøyland, Livar; Zhang, Mei-Ling; Du, Zhen-Yu
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 240(2018)
• Page Start: 733
• Page End: 744
• Publication Date: 2018-09
• Subjects: Marine pollutants -- Dietary fish oil -- Aquafeeds -- Farmed fish -- Health risk -- Pollutant transfer route; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.027
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: Dietary fish oil used in aquafeed transfers marine pollutants to farmed fish. However, the entire transfer route of marine pollutants in dietary fish oil from ocean to table fish has not been tracked quantitatively. To track the entire transfer route of marine pollutants from wild fish to farmed fish through dietary fish oil and evaluate the related human health risks, we obtained crude and refined fish oils originating from the same batch of wild ocean anchovy and prepared fish oil-containing purified aquafeeds to feed omnivorous lean Nile tilapia and carnivorous fatty yellow catfish for eight weeks. The potential human health risk of consumption of these fish was evaluated. Marine persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were concentrated in fish oil, but were largely removed by the refining process, particularly dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The differences in the POP concentrations between crude and refined fish oils were retained in the fillets of the farmed fish. Fillets fat content and fish growth were positively and negatively correlated to the final POPs deposition in fillets, respectively. The retention rates of marine POPs in the final fillets through fish oil-contained aquafeeds were 1.3%–5.2%, and were correlated with the POPs concentrations in feeds and fillets, feed utilization and carcass ratios. The dietary crude fish oil-contained aquafeeds are a higher hazard ratio to consumers. Prohibiting the use of crude fish oil in aquafeed and improving growth and feed efficiency in farmed fish are promising strategies to reduce health risks originating from marine POPs. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Dietary fish oil is the main carrier of ocean POPs into farmed fish. POPs in fillets of farmed fish positively relies on POPs in dietary fish oil. Fatty fish accumulate more POPs from dietary fish oil than lean fish. The retention of ocean POPs in the fish fillets through fish oil were 1.3%–5.2%. The usage of crude fish oil causes high health risk for fish consumers.