Assessment of tryptophan metabolism and signs of depression in individuals with carbohydrate malabsorption. (April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Enko, Dietmar; Wagner, Helga; Kriegshäuser, Gernot; Brandmayr, Wolfgang; Halwachs-Baumann, Gabriele; Schnedl, Wolfgang J.; Zelzer, Sieglinde; Mangge, Harald; Meinitzer, Andreas
• Is Part Of: Psychiatry research. Volume 262(2018)
• Page Start: 595
• Page End: 599
• Publication Date: 2018-04
• Subjects: LCT lactase gene -- H2 hydrogen -- CH4 methane -- CO2 carbon dioxide -- TRP tryptophan -- KYN kynurenine -- IDO indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase -- KYNA kynuric acid -- BDI II Beck Depression Inventory -- BMI body mass index -- HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography -- CV coefficient of variation -- eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate; Depression -- Carbohydrates -- Metabolism -- Tryptophan; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Psychiatry -- periodicals; Psychiatrie -- Périodiques; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.049
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0165-1781

Abstract

Abstract: This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the potential association between primary-adult lactose malabsorption, fructose malabsorption, tryptophan (TRP) metabolism and the presence of depressive signs. Overall 251 patients, who were referred for lactase gene C/T-13910 polymorphism genotyping and fructose hydrogen/methane breath testing, were included. All participants filled out the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II). Serum concentrations of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynuric acid (KYNA), and TRP competing amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, tyrosine) were measured by high-pressure liquid-chromatography. Logistic regression analysis was performed with lactose malabsorption, fructose malabsorption and all potential biomarkers of TRP metabolism to assess the effect on signs of depression, defined as a BDI II score > 13. Primary-adult lactose malabsorption and fructose malabsorption was detected in 65 (25.90%) and 65 (25.90%) patients, respectively. Fructose malabsorption was significantly associated with BDI II score, whereas no such relationship was found for lactose malabsorption. Serum levels of TRP and TRP metabolites were no predictors of depression. The authors suggest to conduct further prospective longitudinal studies in order to get further insight of associations between carbohydrate malabsorption, biomarkers and mood disorders. Highlights: Carbohydrate malabsorption, tryptophan (TRP) metabolism and depression were investigated. Logistic regression analysis was calculated to estimate effects of carbohydrate malabsorption and TRP on depression. Fructose malabsorption was found to be associated with signs of depression. No such relationship was found between lactose malabsorption and depression. Serum levels of TRP and TRP metabolites were no predictors of depression.